The Iran war entered its 12th day as uncertainty grew over when it might end, amid continued attacks, a mounting human toll and concerns over economic and energy impacts.

Iranian and Lebanese health officials and Israeli authorities have reported more than 1,200 people killed in Iran, 634 in Lebanon and 12 in Israel. Seven U.S. soldiers have died and eight were seriously injured mainly after attacks at U.S. bases in countries neighboring Iran, according to the Pentagon.

The U.S. military is investigating how it fired a Tomahawk missile at an Iranian girls school in error, a U.S. official told NPR, speaking on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to speak publicly about the matter. The March 1 strike killed as many as 175 people, most of them students, according to Iranian officials.

And the International Energy Agency announced on Wednesday that member countries would release a record amount of oil from their reserves, as the fighting in the Middle East caused major disruptions to energy markets.

Here are other major updates about the conflict.

To jump to specific areas of coverage, use the links below:

Ships hit across Gulf | U.S. strikes Iran minelayers | Lebanon | Iranian oil facilities hit | Netanyahu addresses Iranians | Senate Democrats | Iran out of World Cup

Three commercial ships attacked around Strait of Hormuz

Three commercial ships were struck in the Gulf near the Strait of Hormuz as the Middle East conflict continued to disrupt international trade in a crucial waterway.

They are among more than a dozen vessels that have been attacked since U.S. and Israeli strikes on Iran set off a widening war in the region.

Alireza Tangsiri, naval commander of Iran’s Revolutionary Guard, said any ship aiming to pass through the Strait of Hormuz must obtain Iran’s approval — or face attacks, according to Iranian state-run Press TV.

The Thai-flagged bulk carrier, Mayuree Naree, had set off from Khalifa Port in the United Arab Emirates and « was attacked while navigating in waters near the Strait of Hormuz, » the Thai navy said in a statement. According to the UK Maritime Trade Operations, a maritime security monitor run by the British military, the ship was in the Strait of Hormuz, off the coast of Oman, when it was hit and set on fire.

A container ship, the Japanese-flagged One Majesty, sustained damage to its stern while anchored in the Persian Gulf, about 52 nautical miles from the Strait of Hormuz, The Japan Times reported.

The Star Gwyneth, a Marshall Islands-flagged bulk carrier, had damage to its hull after it was hit by a projectile 50 nautical miles northwest of Dubai, United Arab Emirates, according to Reuters.

Officials across the Gulf region also reported a series of other strikes and interceptions.

Authorities in Dubai said two drones fell near Dubai International Airport, injuring four people. Three of them had minor injuries, and one with moderate injuries. Air traffic, meanwhile, continued as normal.

Saudi Arabia’s Defense Ministry said it had intercepted and destroyed six ballistic missiles launched toward Prince Sultan Air Base, which hosts U.S. troops, and destroyed drones heading toward the kingdom’s eastern region.

Kuwait’s National Guard said it downed eight drones, and said its forces were on high alert in coordination with the army, police and other agencies.

U.S. attacks Iranian minelayers near the Strait of Hormuz

The U.S. military said Tuesday it destroyed 16 mine-laying vessels near the Strait of Hormuz. The announcement came after President Trump warned Iran to « immediately » remove any mines it may have placed in the vital shipping waterway.

« If Iran has put out any mines in the Hormuz Strait, and we have no reports of them doing so, we want them removed, IMMEDIATELY! » he wrote on Truth Social. « If for any reason mines were placed, and they are not removed forthwith, the Military consequences to Iran will be at a level never seen before. »

Trump’s message followed a CNN report Tuesday that Iran had begun laying mines in the passage, citing unnamed sources familiar with U.S. intelligence. NPR has not independently confirmed that report.

Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth also said the U.S. would not allow what he called « terrorists » to hold the strait hostage.

Roughly a fifth of the oil consumed globally passes through the narrow waterway between Oman and Iran. The Iran war has effectively shuttered the strait to tanker traffic and roiled markets.

More than 800,000 people displaced in Lebanon

A total of 634 people have been killed and 816,700 have been forced to flee their homes in Lebanon, as Israeli strikes and evacuation warnings pushed people from southern Lebanon and parts of Beirut, the Lebanese government’s disaster management office said Wednesday.

Israel says it is fighting Hezbollah, the Iran-backed Lebanese militant group, which began firing rockets into Israel last week after the war in Iran began.

Humanitarian groups and United Nations agencies say the scale of Lebanese displacement has strained shelters and basic services.

At the Sports City soccer stadium on the outskirts of Beirut, about 800 people are now living in tents without access to clean bathrooms and showers.

Samer Safah, who works with the nonprofit Makhzoumi Foundation, told NPR resources are stretched.

« We cannot cater for half a million displaced, » he said.

Safah also said organizations like his have been severely affected by President Trump’s cuts to U.S. international humanitarian aid, making it difficult to provide essential services to those in need in Lebanon.

« Lebanon’s latest humanitarian crisis is just one more consequence of a regional war that is spiraling out of control, » Tom Fletcher, the U.N. undersecretary-general for humanitarian affairs, told the U.N. Security Council on Tuesday.

The constant barrage of cross-border rocket fire has put northern Israel’s residents on edge. In the city of Kiryat Shmona, the sound of Israeli military fire into Lebanon is constant, as are the multiple air raid sirens warning of incoming rockets from Hezbollah.

Two Israeli soldiers have been killed since the start of the fighting there.

Ahuva Lipman, a 71-year-old resident of Kiryat Shmona, says she evacuated — along with the entire city — during Israel’s war with Hamas in Gaza. This time she insists she’s not leaving.

« Not Hezbollah and not Iran will tell me where to live, » she says.

— Hadeel Al-Shalchi and Carrie Kahn

U.S. presses Israel not to strike Iranian oil facilities

The Trump administration asked Israel not to target Iranian oil facilities any longer, following Israel’s strikes on Iranian oil facilities over the weekend.

The Israeli strikes on oil facilities sparked massive pillars of fire and blackened the skies above Tehran. The World Health Organization warned it could cause severe health impacts. Environmental groups also decried the ecological effects. Israel said Iran’s military used that oil to fuel its missile launchers.

An official in the region briefed on the matter told NPR the Trump administration was notified in advance before the Israeli strikes but was surprised by the extent of the damage.

The official, who was not authorized to speak publicly and spoke on condition of anonymity, said Israel has agreed to the U.S. request to no longer target Iranian oil facilities in the war.

Senator Lindsey Graham, who is calling for regime change in Iran, said Iranians will need the oil reserves in the future.

— Daniel Estrin

Netanyahu tells Iranians to « seize the moment »

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu issued a direct appeal to Iranians on Tuesday, calling the war a « once in a lifetime opportunity » to remove the country’s clerical leadership.

In a series of posts on X, Netanyahu urged Iranians to « seize the moment, » saying Israel and the United States are striking regime targets and « creating the conditions » for Iranians to act.

He wrote that Iran’s leaders were « on the run. » He said Israel was focused on regime targets and that its military was doing its best « not to harm the People of Iran. »

An Israeli official, speaking on condition of anonymity because they weren’t authorized to speak publicly, told NPR that Iran’s new leader, Mojtaba Khamenei, was lightly wounded in the war. The Iranian ambassador to Cyprus, Alireza Salarian, elaborated on the circumstances, telling the Guardian that the 56-year-old leader is in the hospital with injuries in « his legs and hand and arm » sustained from the same bombardment that killed his father, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

Sen. Chris Murphy says war briefings are « incoherent and incomplete »

Sen. Chris Murphy, D-Conn., said he attended another classified briefing on the Iran war Tuesday and accused the Trump administration of keeping the briefings closed because, he said, « Trump can’t defend this war in public. »

In a post on X, Murphy said officials told lawmakers that destroying Iran’s nuclear program and « regime change » were not among the stated war goals. He said briefings mostly focused on how the U.S. military was « destroying lots of missiles and boat and drone factories. » He argued officials couldn’t explain what prevented Iran from rebuilding those capabilities.

Murphy also criticized what he said was a lack of planning to reopen the Strait of Hormuz, warning the situation could become an « endless war. »

Other Senate Democrats have raised similar concerns after classified briefings, saying the administration has not laid out clear goals, urging for more public transparency.

The United Nations passes a resolution to stop Iran from further attacks

The United Nation’s Security Council passed a resolution Wednesday urging Iran to stop « egregious attacks » against its regional neighbors. It also demanded an end to threats to maritime routes, as the conflict roils traffic in the Strait of Hormuz.

It was drafted by Jamal Alrowaiei, the UN ambassador to Bahrain, who said, « We have repeatedly called for dialogue and diplomacy, but this too cannot be achieved under the barrage of missiles and drones. »

The resolution was co-sponsored by 135 countries. China and Russia abstained from the vote because they said it fails to hold the U.S. and Israel responsible for starting the war.

Russia said the resolution is « extremely unbalanced. »

Mike Waltz, the UN ambassador for the U.S., said in a statement, « Today’s action is a direct and unequivocal statement from the Gulf countries condemning the brutality of the Iranian regime, whose practice of targeting civilians and civilian infrastructure is reprehensible, and the entire world is calling it out for what it is. »

—Michele Kelemen and Ayana Archie

Iran won’t play in World Cup, sports minister says

Iran will not be participating in this summer’s FIFA World Cup tournament, which is co-hosted by the United States.

« Given that this corrupt government has assassinated our leader and created extreme insecurity, we cannot participate in the World Cup, » Iranian Sports Minister Ahmad Donyamali said on Iranian state television on Wednesday. « The players have no safety, and the conditions for participation simply don’t exist. »

It was not immediately clear whether Iran had formally withdrawn from the tournament. FIFA and the Iranian Football Federation did not immediately respond to NPR’s inquiries.

The World Cup takes place from June 11 through July 19. Most games will take place in the U.S., including all three of Iran’s scheduled group stage matches, in addition to matches in Mexico and Canada.

Separately, two more members of the Iranian women’s soccer team were granted humanitarian visas in Australia, bringing the total to seven team members allowed to remain in the country.

Iranian soccer player Sara Didar told reporters at the Women’s Asian Cup in Australia that her team is worried about what had happened to Iran and their families, as war rages back home.

« They will be safe here, » Australian Home Affairs Minister Tony Burke wrote in a post on X.

Burke also said, « What we made sure of was there was no rushing, there was no pressure. Everything was about ensuring the dignity for those individuals to make a choice. »

The women sought protection over fears of reprisals in Iran after they refused to sing the country’s national anthem during a match in Australia. They were later labeled « traitors » on Iranian state television, fueling concerns about their safety if they returned home.

Australia won’t be taking in the whole team. One player asked to return to Iran. And Burke said visas were not offered to several staff members suspected of having links to Iran’s Revolutionary Guard — which is listed as a state sponsor of terrorism in Australia.

— Becky Sullivan and Kristina Kukolja

Rebecca Rosman contributed to this report from Paris, Hadeel Al-Shalchi from Beirut, Daniel Estrin from Tel Aviv and Carrie Kahn from Kiryat Shmona, Israel, Jackie Northam from Freeport, Maine, Camila Domonoske, Quil Lawrence and Becky Sullivan from Washington and Kristina Kukolja from Melbourne, Australia.